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قوله لقول الله تعالى ﴿ واللائي لم يحضن ﴾ فجَعلَ عدّتها ثلاثة أشهر قبل البلوغ أي فدلّ على أن نكاحها قبل البلوغ جائز وهو إستنباط حسن لكن ليس في الآية تخصيص ذلك بالوالد ولا بالبكر ويمكن أن يقال الأصل في الأبضاع التحريم إلا ما دل عليه الدليل وقد ورد حديث عائشة في تزويج ابي بكر لها وهي دون البلوغ فبقي ما عداه على الأصل ولهذا السِّرّ أورد حديث عائشة قال المهلب أجمعوا أنه يجوز للأب تزويج ابنته الصغيرة البكر ولو كانت لا يوطأ مثلها إلا أن الطحاوي حكى عن إبن شُبرمة منْعه فيمن لا توطأ وحكى إبن حزم عن إبن شبرمة مطلقاً أن الأب لا يزوِّج بنته البكر الصغيرة حتى تبلغ وتأذن وزعم أن تزويج النبي ﷺ عائشة وهي بنت ست سنين كان من خصائصه ومقابله

فتح الباري لإبن حجر كتاب النكاح باب إنكاح الرجل ولده الصغار

He [Al-Bukhari] said regarding the word of Allah Most High { And those who have not yet menstruated } : He made their ‘iddah [waiting period] three months, if before puberty [qabl al-bulugh]. In other words, this makes it clear that marital relations [nikah] with them before puberty is permissible, and this is a fair deduction, although in the verse there are no specific stipulations for parents or virgins. It could be said that the principle for the marriage contract is prohibition [i.e. of what is unlawful], except what the evidence makes clear; this has been shown in a hadith of ‘Aishah regarding how Abu Bakr married her off before she reached puberty. What remains are the things by which the principle is taken wrongly, and for this reason the essence that the hadith of ‘Aishah indicates. Al-Muhallab said: Universal agreement was reached that it is permissible for a father to marry off his young virgin daughter, if no intercourse is had with someone in a state similar to hers, except that Al-Tahawi narrated from Ibn Shubruma regarding his prohibition for someone with whom intercourse was not had. Ibn Hazm narrated definitively from Ibn Shubruma that a father is not to marry off his little virgin daughter until she reaches puberty and gives consent. But he maintains that the Prophet’s (SAW) marriage to ‘Aishah when she was six years old was a distinguishing attribute of his and an honor given to him.

Ibn Hajar Al-‘Asqalani, Fath Al-bari [Victory of the Creator], The book of marital relations, Section: A man having a small child of his enter into marital relations

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