قرآن ﴿ فقاتل في سبيل الله لا تكلف إلا نفسك وحرض المؤمنين ﴾ النساء ٨٤
قال ابن عطية هذا ظاهر اللفظ إلا أنه لم يجىء في خبر قط أن القتال فُرض عليه دون الأُمة مدّة ما فالمعنى والله أعلم أنه خطاب له في اللفظ وهو مثال ما يقال لكل واحد في خاصة نفسه أي أنت يا محمد وكل واحد من أمّتك القول ﴿ فقاتل في سبيل الله لا تكلف إلا نفسك ﴾ ولهذا ينبغي لكل مؤمن أن يجاهد ولو وحده ومن ذلك قول النبي ﷺ والله لأقاتلنهم حتى تنفرد سالِفتي
تفسير القرطبي
{ So fight in the cause of Allah; you are not held accountable except for yourself; and urge the Believers on } Al-nisaa 84
Ibn ‘Atiyya said: This is expressed clearly, except that nothing was ever said about fighting being made an obligation for him and not for the ummah, for any length of time. The meaning – but Allah knows best – is that this is addressed to him as expressed, but what is said is an example for every individual regarding himself in particular, that is: You, oh Muhammad, and everyone in your ummah is told: { So fight in the cause of Allah; you are not held accountable except for yourself } . For this reason every Believer is to wage jihad, even if by himself; out of this comes what the Prophet (SAW) said: I swear by Allah indeed I will fight them until my neck is split apart. [Sahih Al-Bukhari].
Tafsir Al-Qurtubi