قرآن ﴿ لا ينهاكم الله عن الذين لم يقاتلوكم في الدين ولم يخرجوكم من دياركم أن تبروهم وتقسطوا إليهم إن الله يحب المقسطين إنما ينهاكم الله عن الذين قاتلوكم في الدين وأخرجوكم من دياركم وظاهروا على إخراجكم أن تولوهم ومن يتولهم فأولئك هم الظالمون ﴾ الممتحنة ٨-٩
وقوله تعالى ﴿ لا ينهاكم الله عن الذين لم يقاتلوكم في الدين ولم يُخرجوكم من دياركم ﴾ أي لا ينهاكم عن الاحسان إلى الكفرة الذين لا يقاتلونكم في الدين كالنساء والضعفة منهم ﴿ أن تبرّوهم ﴾ أي تحسنوا اليهم ﴿ وتُقسطوا اليهم ﴾ أي تعدلوا … وقوله تعالى ﴿ انما ينهاكم الله عن الذين قاتلوكم في الدين وأخرجوكم من دياركم وظاهروا على إخراجكم أن تولَّوهم ﴾ أي انما ينهاكم عن موالاة هؤلاء الذين ناصبوكم بالعداوة فقاتلوكم وأخرجوكم وعاونوا على إخراجكم ينهاكم الله عز وجل موالاتهم ويأمركم بمعاداتهم ثم أكد الوعيد على موالاتهم فقال ﴿ ومن يتولَّهم فأولئك هم الظالمون ﴾ قرآن
تفسير إبن كثير
{ Allah does not forbid you all from those who have not fought against you in religion, nor driven you from your homes, that you treat them kindly and act justly towards them; indeed Allah loves those who act justly. But indeed Allah forbids you from taking as associates those who have fought against you in religion, driven you from your homes, and supported driving you out; and whoever takes them as associates, those are the wrongdoers } Al-mumtahana 8-9
The word of the Most High: { Allah does not forbid you all from those who have not fought against you in religion, nor driven you from your homes } : that is, He does not forbid you from doing good to Disbelievers that do not fight against you because of religion, like women and the weak among them; { that you treat them kindly } : that is, do good to them; { and act justly towards them } : that is, be fair. … The word of the Most High: { But indeed Allah forbids you from taking as associates those who have fought against you in religion, driven you from your homes, and supported driving you out } : that is, indeed He forbids you all from standing with these people, the ones who are hostile towards you in enmity, have fought against you, have driven you out, and have advocated driving you out; Allah Mighty and Sublime forbids you from standing with them, and He orders you to be hostile towards them. Then He emphasized the threat against standing with them, and said: { Whoever takes them as associates, those are the wrongdoers } .
Tafsir Ibn Kathir