قرآن ﴿ ويقول الذين آمنوا لولا نزلت سورة فإذا أنزلت سورة محكمة وذكر فيها القتال رأيت الذين في قلوبهم مرض ينظرون إليك نظر المغشي عليه من الموت فأولى لهم طاعة وقول معروف فإذا عزم الأمر فلو صدقوا الله لكان خيراً لهم ﴾ محمد ٢٠-٢١
قوله تعالى ﴿ فإذا عزم الأمر ﴾ قال الحسن جَدَّ الأمر وقال غيره جد رسو ل الله ﷺ وأصحابه في الجهاد ولَزِمَ فرضُ القتال
تفسير إبن الجوزي
{ Those who have believed say: “Were that a surah would be sent down”; but when a surah that is firm was sent down, and fighting was mentioned in it, you saw those with sickness in their hearts look at you with the look of someone whose death is looming over them; it would have been worthier of them to obey and say good things. Then when the matter was decided, if they had remained true to Allah it would have been better for them } Muhammad 20-21
The word of the Most High: { Then when the matter was decided } ; Al-Hasan said: When the matter got serious. Others have said: The Messenger of Allah (SAW) and his Companions strived earnestly in jihad, and the obligation to fight was imperative.
Tafsir Ibn Al-Jawzi