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قرآن ﴿ كتب عليكم القتال وهو كره لكم وعسى أن تكرهوا شيئاً وهو خير لكم وعسى أن تحبوا شيئاً وهو شر لكم والله يعلم وانتم لا تعلمون ﴾ البقرة ٢١٦

قوله تعالى ﴿ كتب عليكم القتال ﴾ أي فرض عليكم الجهاد وإختلف العلماء في حكم هذه الآية فقال عطاء الجهاد تطوع والمراد من الآية أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ دون غيرهم وإليه ذهب الثوري وإحتج من ذهب إلى هذا بقوله تعالى ﴿ فضل الله المجاهدين بأموالهم وأنفسهم على القاعدين درجة وكلا وعد الله الحسنى ﴾ ولو كان القاعد تاركاً فرضاً لم يكن يعده الحسنى وجرى بعضهم على ظاهر الآية وقال الجهاد فرض على كافة المسلمين إلى قيام الساعة
قوله تعالى ﴿ وهو كره لكم ﴾ أي شاق عليكم قال بعض أهل المعاني هذا الكره من حيث نفور الطبع عنه لما فيه من مؤنة المال ومشقة النفس وخطر الروح لا أنهم كرهوا أمر الله تعالى وقال عكرمة نسخها قوله تعالى ﴿ سمعنا وأطعنا ﴾ يعني أنهم كرهوه ثم أحبوه فقالوا ﴿ سمعنا وأطعنا ﴾ قال الله تعالى ﴿ وعسى أن تكرهوا شيئاً وهو خير لكم ﴾ لأن في الغزو إحدى الحسنيين إما الظفر والغنيمة وإما الشهادة والجنة ﴿ وعسى أن تحبوا شيئاً ﴾ يعني القعود عن الغزو ﴿ وهو شر لكم ﴾ لما فيه من فوات الغنيمة والأجر

تفسير البغوي

{ Fighting is ordained for you, being something you dislike; but perhaps you dislike something that is good for you, and perhaps you like something that is bad for you; and Allah knows but you do not know } Al-baqara 216

The word of the Most High: { Fighting is ordained for you } ; that is, jihad is your duty. Scholars have differed on what this verse stipulates. ‘Ataa said: Jihad is voluntary, and the intended meaning of the verse is for the Messenger of Allah’s (SAW) Companions, not anyone else. Al-Thawry took this view. But objection to those of this view was raised based on the word of the Most High: { Allah has preferred those who wage jihad with their wealth and with themselves by a degree over those who sit it out, but Allah has promised good things to both } [Al-nisaa 95]. If someone who sits it out is in fact abandoning a duty, a good thing would not be prepared for him. Some of the scholars took the verse at face value and said: Jihad is a duty on all Muslims until the hour arrives.
… The word of the Most High: { Being something you dislike } ; that is, it is burdensome for you. Some of the interpreters said: This dislike is in regard to a natural aversion to it due to what it implies of supplying wealth, of personal hardship, and of menace to one’s spirit, not because they dislike the command of Allah. ‘Ikrama said: This was abrogated by the word of the Most High: { We have heard and obeyed } [Al-baqara 285] ; that is, because they disliked it, but then they liked it, and so they said { We have heard and obeyed } . Allah Most High said: { But perhaps you dislike something that is good for you } since in going out on a raid there is one of two good things – either victory and spoils or martyrdom and Jannah. { And perhaps you like something } : that is, sitting out from raids; { that is bad for you } : due to forfeiture of spoils and reward.

Tafsir Al-Baghawi

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