The linguistic basis of jihad is mashaqqa [hardship, striving, laborious effort]. One may say: I have labored [jahadtu] heavily – I have hit hardship. With respect to the decrees of Islam, this means expending effort in fighting the Disbelievers [Kuffar], but also refers to fighting one’s self, Satan, and the immoral. For indeed fighting one’s self is in learning the matters of religion, then doing them, then teaching them. Fighting Satan is in averting the suspicions he brings and how he adorns them with desires. Fighting the Disbelievers takes place by one’s hand, wealth, tongue, and heart. And fighting the immoral is by one’s hand, then tongue, then heart.