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قرآن ﴿ ولا تؤتوا السفهاء أموالكم التي جعل الله لكم قياماً وأرزقوهم فيها وأكسوهم وقولوا لهم قولاً معروفاً ﴾ النساء ٥

قال أبو جعفر إختلف أهل التأويل في السفهاء الذين نهى الله جل ثناؤه عباده أن يؤتوهم أموالهم فقال بعضهم هم النساء والصبيان
عن سعيد بن جبير قال اليتامى والنساء
عن الحسن في قوله ﴿ ولا تؤتوا السفهاء أموالكم ﴾ قال السفهاء ابنك السفيه وامرأتك السفيهة وقد ذكر أن رسول الله ﷺ قال اتقوا الله في الضعيفين اليتيم والمرأة
عن الضحاك قوله ﴿ ولا تؤتوا السفهاء أموالكم ﴾ يعني بذلك ولد الرجل وامرأته وهي أسفه السفهاء

تفسير الطبري

{ And do not give your wealth to fools, that by which Allah has sustained you, but rather provide for their livelihood with it and clothe them, and speak to them kindly } Al-nisaa 5

Abu Ja’far said: The expositors have differed regarding “fools”, those that Allah most glorified and extoled has forbidden his servants to give their assets to. Some of them have said: These are women and youth.
… from Sa’id ibn Jubair who said: Orphans and women.
… from Al-Hasan regarding His word { And do not give your wealth to fools } ; he said: “Fools” [sufahaa] is your foolish son or your foolish wife. And he mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: Deal mercifully in fear of Allah with the two kinds of weak people – orphans and women.
… from Al-Dahhak regarding His word { And do not give your wealth to fools } : by this He means a man’s son or his wife; she is the most foolish of fools.

Tafsir Al-Tabari

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